High cholesterol. What you need to know?

What is high cholesterol?

High cholesterol, also known as hypercholesterolaemia, occurs when there are elevated levels of cholesterol in your blood. Cholesterol is a type of fat, or lipid, essential for building cells and producing hormones—but too much can be harmful.

There are different types of cholesterol:

• HDL (high-density lipoprotein) – Often called the “good” cholesterol, HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from your bloodstream. It transports it to the liver, where it is broken down and eliminated. Higher levels of HDL are associated with a lower risk of heart disease.
• LDL (low-density lipoprotein) – Known as the “bad” cholesterol, LDL can build up on artery walls, forming fatty deposits that narrow the blood vessels. This restricts blood flow to vital organs like the heart and brain, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
• Triglycerides – Another type of blood fat, triglycerides are influenced by diet and lifestyle. Eating lots of sugary or processed foods, or having conditions such as diabetes, obesity, kidney problems, or an underactive thyroid, can raise triglyceride levels. High triglycerides also contribute to arterial narrowing, raising cardiovascular risk.

Why is cholesterol important?

When your overall cholesterol is high, it usually means there’s too much LDL in your blood. Over time, this can lead to atherosclerosis, a dangerous build-up of fatty deposits in your arteries. Narrowed arteries make it harder for blood to reach your heart and brain, significantly increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

How big is the problem?

• In Ireland, recent studies suggest 46% of adults over 50 have been diagnosed with high cholesterol.
• Over a third of those diagnosed still have cholesterol levels above the recommended range.
• Alarmingly, 45% of people who believed they didn’t have high cholesterol were found to have it when tested—suggesting many cases are missed or underdiagnosed.
• Nearly half of patients over 50 are on cholesterol medications, most commonly statins, which help manage levels but are not the only solution.

‍

What can be done?

The good news is that early detection and lifestyle changes can dramatically reduce your risk. One of the most effective strategies is exercise.

However, many people are unsure what type of exercise is best, how much they need, or how to start safely. This can lead to inactivity and over-reliance on medication. While medications are sometimes necessary, they work best alongside lifestyle changes that support long-term heart health.

How Atlas can help?

At Atlas Sports & Exercise Medicine, we focus on sustainable solutions, not quick fixes. Our approach includes:

• Assessing your cholesterol and blood work
• Identifying contributing factors to elevated cholesterol
• Managing aches or pains that may be limiting your activity
• Creating a personalised exercise and lifestyle plan to help bring your cholesterol under control

High cholesterol doesn’t have to dictate your future health. With the right guidance, you can take meaningful steps today to protect your heart, brain, and overall wellbeing.

‍